Robert Lawson may refer to:

• Robert Lawson (architect) (1833–1902), Scottish architect who emigrated to New Zealand
• Robert Lawson (author) (1892–1957), American author and artist
• Robert Lawson (British Army officer) (died 1816), Royal Artillery officer
• Robert Lawson (cricketer) (1901–1974), Australian cricketer
• Robert Lawson (high sheriff), English official of Northumberland
• Robert Lawson (South Australian politician) (born 1944), Liberal member of the South Australian Legislative Council
• Robert Lawson (Victorian politician) (born 1927), Liberal member of the Victorian Legislative Council
• Robert Lawson (racing driver), runner-up in the 2008 SEAT Cupra Championship
• Robert Lawson (screenwriter), screenwriter of What Goes Up
• Robert Lawson (Virginia) (1748–1805), American Revolutionary War militia general
• Robert C. Lawson (1883–1961), American clergyman, founder of the Church of Our Lord Jesus Christ
• Robert G. Lawson (born 1938), American law professor at the University of Kentucky College of Law
• Robert R. Lawson (c. 1872–1934), New York state senator
• Robert W. Lawson (c. 1889–1960), British physicist
• Bob Lawson (Robert Baker Lawson, 1875–1952), baseball player